a kucher



March 31, 1936. A A EF; Re. 19,908

REFRIGERATING MACHINE Original Filed Oct. 22, 1921 4 Sheets-Sheet 1 WITNESSES: INVENTOR W ANDREW A. Kuc HER.

BY 6,M

ATTORNEY March 31, 1936.

WITNESSES:

A. A. KUCHER REFRIGERATI NG MACHINE Original Filed Oct. 22, 19

4 Sheets-Sheet 2 INVENTOR ANDREW/Q. KUCHER.

BY (L.

ATTORNEY March 31, 1936. A, KUCHER Re. 19,908

REFRIGERATING MACHINE Original Filed Oct. 22, 1921. 4 Sheets-Sheet 3 Refrigerant Level Lubr-icami I a Level A ,59 I57 57 I5 .Bcfiom of ompr-essmn Chamber lso Lubrlconi Level.

Fig. 6.

Refrigerant Level I5I- INVENTOR B f P" L2 nnlneswA-Kucnrn.

Chamber? BY The. e

ATTORNEY March 31, 1936. A, A, KUCHER REFRIGERATING MACHINE Original Filed Oct. 22, 1921 4 Sheets-Sheet 4 Hyb- Reiseued Mar. 31, 1936 UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE M 1am REFRIGERATING MACHINE Original No. 1,797,287, dated March 24, 1931,

Serial No. 509,672, October 22, 1921.

Application for reissue February 14, 1933, Serial No.

I 64 Claims.

My invention relates to refrigerating machines and particularly to relatively small refrigerating machines adapted for household use.

One object of my invention is to provide a device of the above-indicated character that shall have all of the component parts so constructed and related as to reduce the number and complicity thereof as much as possible, consistent with efiective operation. and that shall facilitate its assembly and inspection to a high degree.

Another object of my invention is to provide a refrigerating machine that shall comprise a compressor of such character and relation to the other parts of the machine as to ensure effective and economical operation thereof.

Another object of my invention is to provide a novel lubricating system for a refrigerating machine that shall materially assist in the upkeep and running qualities thereof.

A further object of my invention is to provide a refrigerating machine that shall be quiet in operation.

Heretofore attempts have been made to provide relatively small refrigerating machines for household use, but there are many difficulties to the provision of a machine that is sufficiently economical and. so otherwise sufliciently desirable as to be in demand by the very great number of probable users- The greatest of these difllculties has probably been the question of producing a machine that the average user could aiiord to purchase and operate. Other features, such as effective and quiet operation, facility of inspection and repair by the lay user and continuous satisfactory service, have been difficult to overcome.

It is the purpose of this invention to overcome the above-mentioned objections, and, while the principle employed is somewhat similar to that of other refrigerating machines, the carrying out of that principle has been effected in such manner as to provide a very effective and economical device.

In practicing my invention, I provide a refrigerating machine in which certain parts, that have heretofore been necessarily relatively widely separated and shut off from each other by barriers, are so constructed and related as to permit them to be enclosed in a single compartment or chamber. These parts are also so constructed and related as to reduce the space volume occupied thereby to substantially a minimum consistent with effective operation. Furthen'certain electric and fluid conductors, leading to the machine from the exterior thereof, are so grouped or disposed in a base member or plate as to eliminate them as factors in removing a cover member that may hence be readily mounted and removed for inspection and be more readily rendered fluidtight. The above construction, in which the electric and fluid conductors are sealed into the base member and the cover member is devoid of openings to the outer air, assists materially in rendering the machine quiet in operation.

Quiet operation is mainly attained by the particular construction and disposition of a motor and a compressor, which construction also renders the machine more effective in proportion to its size.

.A' valve for the compressor, a novel lubricating system in which the refrigerating fluid and a lubricating fluid circulate through parts of the machine while intermixed, a separator for said fluids, a rotating fluid deflector for the motor and means for evacuating the motor casing, are also features which severally and collectively assist in accomplishing the objects and purposes of the invention.

Fig. 1 of the accompanying drawings is a side view, partially in section and partially in elevation, of a refrigerating machine embodying my invention.

Fig. 2 is a detail view, partially in section and partially in elevation, of a valve employed in my invention.

Fig. 3 is a slightly enlarged plan view of the base plate shown in Fig. 1.

Fig. 4 is an enlarged plan view of a float member, a compression valve and a fluid separator forming parts of the invention.

Fig- 5 is a side view of the members shown in Fig.4.

Fig. 6 is a view, similar to Fig. 5, of a modified form of the members shown in Fig. 4.

Fig. '1 is an enlarged side sectional view of a compressor as viewed in Fig. l and taken along the line VII-N11 of Fig. 8.

Fig. 8 is a view taken along the line VIIIVIII of Fig. 7.

Fig. 9 is a view taken along the line IX-IX of Fig. 8.

The machine comprises, in general, a base member or supporting plate I and a cover member or shell Tprovlding a condensing chamber 3, an expansion device 5, a compressor 6, an actuating electric motor 1 for the compressor, a check valve 8 for the compressor, an expansion valve 9, a cooling coil or tube ill, a fluid separator (Figs. 4 and 5), and a float member I! for controlling the expansion valve 8.

Referring to Figs. 1 and 3, the base plate I, that is preferably of discoidal form and constructed of any suitable material, such as cast iron or aluminum, is provided, on its upper side, with an annular flange l4 around which a casing 15 of the motor I is adapted to fit. The flange ii and the motor casing I5 may be concentrically disposed about the longitudinal axis of the base plate I, or be eccentrically disposed thereon, as shown. An annular groove ii of V-shape in cross-sectional area and disposed concentrically with the longitudinal axis of the motor 1 in the base plate i, and a similar groove I'l disposed concentrically with the longitudinal axis of the base plate in the upper surface thereof, are adapted to receive packing rings fl and I9, respectively, that are preferably constructed of soft rubber and initially of circular cross-sectional area. i

The packing ring I8 is compressed to conform with the groove l6 by means of screws 2| that extend through a flange 22 on the motor casing l5 and into holes 23 in the base plate to form a fluid-tight connection between the base plate and the motor casing IS. The packing ring I! is similarly compressed, by means of screws or bolts 25 that extend through a flange 25 on the cover shell 2 and into openings 21 in the base plate I, to form a fluid-proof connection between the base plate and the cover shell 2. Lugs 29 project from the outer periphery of the base plate i and are provided with openings 30 for the reception of screws or bolts 3| for mounting the machine on a refrigerator (not shown), or in any other desired position.

The base plate I is further provided with substantially radial bores or openings 32 and 33 that are disposed intermediate the upper and lower surfaces of the plate and are open only to the upper surface of the plate, at their inner ends by means of taps 34 into which the ends of the cooling tube in are mounted (not shown). The outer end of one of the openings 32 and SI is adapted to receive a pipe connection from an external source oi. water, or other cooling medium, and the outer end of the other opening is similarly connected to provide an outlet for the cooling medium. An opening 35, extending between the upper and lower faces of the base plate I, is tapped at its upper end to receive the lower end 3! of the expansion valve ii and, at its lower end, to receive, by means of a union 4B, the intake end 38 of a coiled tube 39 constituting a part of the expansion device 5.

An opening 4|, similar to the opening 36, is also provided in the base plate to connect the intake port of the compressor 6, by means of a brass or copper tube 42 and unions 2! and 51, to a brass or copper exhaust or suction terminal tube 43 of the expansion device 5. A radial opening 45, that is provided with a plug 48 at its outer end, intersects the opening 4| to communicate with an opening or chamber 41 and, through a check valve 48 at the upper end of the latter, to communicate with the interior of the motor casing l5.

The check valve 48 comprises apreferably relatively thin pressed-metal cap 35 press fitted, or otherwise secured, in the upper end of the chamber 41 and provided with a central opening I in its transverse wall. A ball 44 is normally held in position against the transverse wall, to close the opening ll, by a compression spring ii that extendsbetweentheball andthebottom of the chamber 41.

Radialopenings ,inthebaseplate Lare provided for the reception of conducting leads 5! that extend from a current-collecting device 52, cooperating with the motor I to supply the latter with current, to terminal rods 53. The latter are disposed in preferably metal pressurereslsting plugs 54 that are .threadably mounted in the outer ends of the openings I9 to assist in hermetically sealing the chamber 3 and are provided with insulating bushings 55 to insulate the rods 53 in spaced relation to the plugs 5i. Packing members 55, preferably of soft rubber, are disposed in the plugs 5|, around the rods 53 between the bushings i5.

The inner ends of the radial openings 49 communicate with a recess 58 in the base plate i, in which an insulating tube or collar 59 surrounds the conducting leads 5B. The recess 58 and the tube 55 are filled with a preferably insulating material ill to prevent the passage of liquids along the leads 55. A rotatable shaft 52, preferably constructed of cold rolled or tool steel, on which a rotatable member 53 (Figs. 7, 8 and 9) of the compressor 6 and the armature 64 of the motor I is mounted, has a lower end portion 65, of reduced diameter, that is positioned in an opening 66 in a boss 61 on the upper surface of the base plate I. A thrust bearing 69 for the shaft 82 comprises a washer or collar I5 secured to the shaft, as by screw-threading, a loose or floating collar H disposed between the collar 15 and the boss 6! and a lubricant cup 12 adapted to maintain the lubricant level above the bearing surfaces of the collars II and H.

An annular laminated field magnet structure 14, supporting a field winding I5, is preferably press-fitted in position against, and spaced from the inner walls of the motor casing l5, by a plurality of vertical ribs 'I'I that are integral with the motor casing. The fleld winding 15 is impregnated or embedded in a body of insulating material 16, such as bakelite, to render the same proof against any fluids in gaseous or liquid form which might gain access to the motor casing.

The upper end of the motor casing i5 is provided with a seat portion 18 for the compressor 8, to which the latter is secured, as by screws 19, and a downwardly projecting bearing portion ill for the shaft 52. A packing ring 82 is held in position around the shaft 62 by means of a ring 83 and screws 84 that extend through the rings 83 into the lower portion of the bearing portion iii.

A member 85, of substantially cup-shape, is secured to the shaft 62 beneath the bearing portion 8i and is formed to throw oil or deflect any fluid that may escape from the compressor 6 along the shaft 62 and below the packing ring 82. When thus thrown off or deflected, the fluid will pass between the ribs 11 and the outer perimeter of the field magnet structure I! t the bottom of the motor casing l5.

As more clearly shown in Figs. 7, 8, and 9, the compressor 5 comprises an outer cylindrical member or casing 81 of any suitable material such as cast iron, brass or aluminum, having a screw-threaded inlet port portion 88 to which the tube 42 is connected, as by preferably brass cooperatively threaded coupling members 89 and 50, and a similaroutlet port portion 9i, longitudinally ofiset with respect to the inlet port 88, to which the check valve 8 is connected. The inner surface of the cylindrical member 81 is i provided with longitudinally oflset peripheral or inlet and outlet ports and 9i, respectively, and extend for predetermined distances, to be hereinafter explained, on either side oi the ports.

A second cylindrical member or rotor shell 91.,

preferably constructed of tool steel and closely 99 and I00, that, respectively, communicate with.

the grooves 94 and 95 at their outer ends and with the interior of the rotor shell 91 at their inner ends.

The rotor or drum 63, preferably of steel, is concentrically mounted, as by a key I03, on the shaft 52, and, with the latter, is eccentrically related to the cylinder member 91. Radial slots I inthe rotor I02 are adapted to receive radially slidable partition or blade members I01 and I00, preferably of Turon bronze, which divide the space I09, caused by the eccentricity of the rotor member I02 and the cylinder member 91, into chambers or compartments A and B. The blade I01 is pivoted or movably keyed to the cylinder member 91 by a pin II2. Rods II4 extend through openings H5, at the bottoms of the slots I05, and through openings H6 in the shaft 62, into proximate relation to the inner edges of the blades I01 and I00. Springs H0 surround the rods II4, in the openings H5 and H5, and exert outward pressure against the blades I01 and I08, the latter of which is rounded at its outer edge to slidably engage the inner surface of the cylinder member 91.

In operating the compressor 5, the shaft 62, the rotor I02 and the cylinder member 91 are simultaneously rotated in the direction shown by the arrow I20. As clearly shown in Figs. '1, 8, and 9, gases enter through the inlet port 08, groove 94 and port 99 into the chamber B during the period in which the chamber is increasing in its volumetric capacity. Shortly after the port 99 has passed the end of the groove 94, the port I00 of the chamber B communicates with the groove 95 and permits the gases to be forced, during the period in which its volumetric capacity is decreasing, from the chamber B, into the outlet port 9 I. The two chambers A and B operate in opposite phases, so that when chamber A is receiving gases; through the port 00, the

chamber B is discharging gases through the port 9|, and vice versa.

The check valve 0, Figs. 1 and 2, compr ises a preferably cast brass member of substantially T-shape, that is drilled to tubular form, having a screw-threaded central leg or portion I24 for mounting in the exhaust port portion 9I and a cross or T-head portion I25 having ground valve seat portions I25 of substantially frustro-conical shape. Valve members I20, having portions I20 conforming to the seat portions I20, are also provided with apertured inwardly-projecting portions I30 between which a tension spring I2I is connected to hold the valve member I20 in position. This construction of the check valve renders the latter economical in manufacture, permits it to be accurately self-seating and so delicately responsive to fluid pressures as to effect a mufiier action to reduce the sound of discharging fiuid and also prevents reaction or back pressure from the chamber 3 against the working parts of the compressor during the intermittent pulsations of the discharging fluid.

The above-described construction and operation of the compressor and of the check valve provide. a quietly operating compressor device that is very powerful and efficient, as well as durable and compact. which cooperates with the otherpartsofthemachineinamannertobe hereinafter described.

The condensing chamber 3 contains a quantity of lubricating fluid I32, such as glycerine, and, above the latter, a quantity of refrigerating fluid I33, such as ethyl chloride, which, by reason of the respective specific gravities thereof, assume the levels indicated in Figs. 1 and 5. The float member I2 comprises a tubular, preferably brass, member I35 of substantially ring-shape that is so formed that it may conveniently surround the motor casing I to economize space and to provide sufflcient buoyancy or lifting power to actuate the expansion valve 0. The float member I35 is connected to the valve 9 by a preferably sheet brass member I31 that is bent to constitute a lever arm having one end I20 secured in position in a sealed slot I39 in the float tube I35. Side portions I40, on the member I31, are adapted to receive a pin "I that is supported in an arm I42 integrally formed on the valve 9 and a pin I44 that passes through a valve stem I45 in the valve 9. The valve stem operates in a chamber or bore I45 of the valve to open and close a passage I41 therein, in accordance with the position of the float member I25.

The fluid-separator device If, Figs. 4 and 5, comprises a preferably brass or copper tube I50 bent into vertical convolutions and into substantially arcuate form, as viewed from above. The tube I50 has an intake or overflow end I5l, open at the top, and an end I52 fitted in and secured, as by a solder joint, to a tubular projection I53 that may be integral with the expansion valve 9. The upper bent portions I55 of the convolute tube I50.are preferably disposed slightly above the refrigerant level and are provided with openings I56 to equalize the pressures inside and outside of the tube. Vertically depending tubes I51 of different lengths, communicate, at their upper ends, with the lower bent portions I58 of the tube I and, at their lower ends, with a tube I59. The lowerbent portions I50 of the tube I50 are disposed above the lubricant level. The tube I59 connects with'theflrst lower bent portion I50, adjacent to the valve 0, at a pomtion slightly below the lubricant level and is inclined downwardly from that position to an open lower end I80 thereof. There may be as many convolutions in the tube I50 as desired.

Referring to Figs. 1, I, and 9, the casing or cylinder member 01 of the compressor 5 is provided with a vertically projecting portion I64 constituting a tertiary bearing for the shaft 52 and is provided with a vertical tapped opening I for the reception, by means of a bushing I55, of the upper end I61 of an auxiliary intake tube I68. The latter has a bent portion I59 from which the tube I50 extends to the lower end I10 thereof below the lubricant level.

A space I1I between the upper end of the shaft 52 and the opening I55 serves as a lubricant-receiving chamber, from which intersecting transverse and longitudinal openings or passages I12 and I18, respectively, extend to the interior of the casing 01.

By reason of the pressure exerted on the liquids in the condensing chamber. small quantities of the lubricant are forced or driven upwardly through the tube I50 and through the opening I65 to the chamber I11 in the bearing I64, and through the passages I12 and I13 to the interior oi the casing 81 of the compressor to a position therein whereat there is no counter pressure. This operation serves to keep the compressor well lubricated and to seal the same between its pressure and vacuum sides or chambers.

The expansion device 5, Fig. 1, may comprise a bulb or dome I15, upper and lower members I18 and I11 of which are provided with flanges I18. The members I16 and I11 are held together and a packing ring or gasket I19 is compressed between the flanges I18 by bolts I88 which extend through the flanges I18 and are provided with nuts I8I. The upper member I18 of the dome I15 is provided with an interiorly-threaded hollow boss or collar I83, into which one end of a member I84 of substantially T-shape is fitted. The member I84 has a bore I85 and a lateral tubular leg or portion I98 into which the tube 43 is fitted to provide communication between the bulb I15 and the intake port 88 of the compressor 6.

The member I84 may be provided with a solid exteriorly-threaded upper end portion I88 for disposition in a cooperatively-threaded opening I89 in the under side of the base plate I to support the expansion device 5.

The tube 39, of which the upper end 38 communicates with the expansion valve 9 through the opening 38 in the base plate i, is helically coiled around the dome I15 and is connected, at its other end I9I, to a hollow boss I92 at the lower end of the dome I15.

In operation, when the motor I is energized to actuate the compressor 6, the refrigerating fluid is drawn in gaseous form from the bulb I19,

through the member I84, the tube I49, the opening 4| in the base plate I, the tube 42 and the intake port 88 of the compressor to one of the chambers A and B in the latter and is compressed, as hereinbefore described. Being forced through the check valve 8 and into the condensing chamber 9, the latter is subjected to a relatively high pressure which is transmitted to the liquid refrigerant I38 and to the liquid lubricant I32 at the bottom of the chamber 8. The cooling medium circulating through the coiled tube III, as hereinbefore described, absorbs heat from the gaseous refrigerant and causes the same to condense into liquid form, which liquid descends to the liquid refrigerant above i the lubricant at the bottom of the chamber 8.

This condensing action causes the liquid level in the chamber 3 to rise and to thereby raise the float ring I35. When the float ring I35 is raised, it causes the valve stem 9 to open the passage I41 to permit the refrigerant, under pressure from the chamber 3, to pass into the tube 39. When a quantity of the refrigerant has been thus released, it causes a general movement of the liquid in the chamber 8 toward the valve 9.

Normally, there is a distinct line of separation between the refrigerant I33 and the lubricant I32, at the bottom of the condensing chamber 3, but, however, very small particles or globules of the lubrican which may be carried by the refrigerant for a short time, may become suspended in the refrigerant. If not separated from the refrigerant, these particles 01' lubricant would cause the settlement of an appreciable quantity of the lubricant at the bottom of the expansion device 5. Thus, the refrigerating liquid carrying the particles of lubricant, must pass through the separator II before being admitted to the valve 9. Entering the open end I5I of the separator tube I58, the liquid passes, by siphon action,- through the convolutions of the tube I58. During this passage, the particles of lubricatin fluid, by reason of their greater density, descend through the tubes I51 to the tube I59 and down, through the latter, to the main body I82 of the lubricating liquid, while the refrigerating fluid passes on to the valve 9. As many convolutions in the separator tube I58 and as many of the tubes I51 may be provided as is found necessary to sufllciently separate out the particles of lubricating fluid from the refrigerating fluid.

As above described, nothing but substantially pure refrigerating liquid may pass into the valve 9.

Repeated cycles of the above-described operation occur during the operation of the machine to supply the expansion device 5 with compressed refrigerant which, when it is released by the valve 9, expands and passes through the tube 39 and into the dome I15. The expansion of the refrigerant in the tube I39 and the bulbs I15 causes an absorption of heat from the medium surrounding these members and, hence, a thick gathering of frost thereon. During the abovedescribed refrigerating operation, lubricating liquid is forced through the tube I88 to lubricate the compressor. Portions of the lubricant, thus forced to the compressor, are forced outwardly through the check valve 8 to be returned to the main body I35 of the lubricating material. Other portions of the lubricant, that are conducted to the compressor through the tube i68, pass into the bearing portion M at the upper end of the motor 1 and, from the bearing portion 8i, through a passage I98 in the shaft 62, to the lubricant cup 12 of the thrust bearing 89.

The passage I98, in the shaft 52, has a relatively short helical portion or groove I93 in the outer surface of the shaft above the packing ring 82. The shaft is machined off at a portion I94 to provide a diagonal shoulder I95 through which, and through the shaft 92 to a position below the packing ring 82, a diagonal hole I96 is drilled. The hole I98 communicates, at its lower end, with a side slot I91, similar to a keyway, that extends to the thrust bearing 59. The arrangement serves to lubricate the bearings 8i and 69 and to conduct the lubricant from a po sition above to a position below the packing ring 82.

\Vhile the packing ring 82 is provided to retard, or to prevent as far as possible, the lubricating and refrigerating liquids passing into the motor casing I5, should any appreciable amount of the liquids so pass into the motor casing, it will descend to the deflector member 85. The rotation of the deflector member 85 causes the liquids therein to be thrown against the inner walls of the motor casing l5, above the fleid and armature structures thereof, from which position the liquids pass between the ribs 11 and the outer perimeter of the field magnet structure 14 to the bottom 01' the motor casing, which is formed by a portion of the base plate I. Since this portion of the motor casing communicates, through the check valve 48 and the passages 41 and 45 in the base plate I, with the tube 42 that is connected to the intake port of the compressor 5, any liquid deposited at the bottom of the motor casing will be drawn from the motor casing and conducted to the compressor. In the compressor, this fluid joins the other fluids to again pass through one of the fluid-flow cycles, as described.

When operation of the machine is stopped, the

refrigerant in the expansion device I continues to form gas which ultimately destroys the vacuum in the expansion device and builds up a slight pressure. This pressure is prevented from pressor.

forcing the refrigerant into the motor casing It by the check valve 48, the ball of which is forced against the opening Ill. The check valve 48 thus readily permits the egress of fluids from the motor casing, during the vacuum action, but prevents the passage of fluids into the motor casing therethrough.

Heretofore, it has been usual to place a check valve at the inlet port of compressors and to have the outlet port freely communicating with the compression chamber, so that the pressure in the compression chamber acted against the com- By placing the check valve in the outlet port,the above objection is eliminated and the compressor rendered more effective.

The operation of the device is preferably started and stopped automatically, depending upon the temperature of the medium which it is desired to cool, by any suitable means (not shown), forming no part of this invention.

As shown in Fig. 6, in which similar parts are designated by similar reference characters, another form of the separator II is adapted for separating a lubricant that is of less specific gravity than the refrigerating medium, by having its open or intake end ISI at a lower portion thereof rather than at an upper portion, as.i.n the forms shown in Figs. 4 and 5.

In this form of the separator II, the tube l9, instead of extending from the bottom of the tube I50, extends from the upper side thereof to a position adjacent to the upper level of the lubricant.

The machine is compact, quiet and effective in operation, economical to manufacture and has many other features which render it particularly desirable and adaptable for household use.

For brevity and convenience of expression in the specification and claims, the term "condensing chamber is employed to include, unless otherwise indicated, the base member I and shell 2. The term compressor" to include the casing 81 and operating elements therein contained.

While I have shown and described a particular form of my invention, many changes may be effected therein without departing from the spirit 1. In a. refrigerating machine in which a refrigerant fluid is successively vaporized, compressed and condensed in a repeating cycle, the combination with a chamber in which a change of state of the refrigerant fluid is effected, of a compressor and actuating motor therefor enclosed Within said chamber disposed in a lower portion of the chamber so that the heat of the motor is dissipated at least in part through the intermediary of the condensed refrigerant,

2. In a refrigerating machine in which a refrigerant is vaporized, compressed and condensed in a repeating cycle, in combination, an expansion chamber, a condensing chamber, means for delivering condensed refrigerant from the condensing chamber to the expansion chamber, means including a compressor for withdrawing expanded refrigerant from the expansion chamber and delivering it to the condensing chamber, and a motor for actuating said compressor, said motor being enclosed in a lower portion of one of the said chambers so that the heat of the motorisdissipatedatleastinpartthroughtheintermediary of the condensed refrigerant.

3. In a refrigerating machine in which a refrigerant fluid is successively vaporized, compressed and condensed in a repeating cycle, the combination with a chamber in which a change of state of the refrigerant fluid is effected, of a compressor and an actuating motor therefor enclosed within said chamber in position to be at least partially surrounded by condensed refrigerant when in operation in order that the heat generated in the motor may be dissipated, at least in part, through the cooling action of the condensed refrigerant.

4. In a refrigerating machine in which a refrigerant fluid is vaporized, compressed and condensed, the. combination with a chamber in which a change of state of the refrigerant fluid is effected and comprising a base member, of a motor mounted upon the base member and disposed within a lower portion of the chamber so that the heat of the motor is dissipated at least in part through the intermediary of the condensed refrigerant, and a compressor within the chamber actuated by the motor.

5. In a refrigerating machine in which a refrigerant fluid is vaporized, compressed and condensed, the combination with a generally cylindrical chamber in which a change of state of the refrigerant fluid is effected, of a rotary compressor, a rotary actuating motor for said compressor, i

said motor and said compressor being disposed in adjacent end-to-end relation within said chamber, the axes of the compressor and motor extending in the direction of the axis of the cylin drical chamber.

6. In a refrigerating machine in which a refrigerant fluid is vaporized, compressed and condensed, in combination, an expansion chamber, a condensing chamber, means for delivering refrigerant from the condensing chamber to the expansion chamber, means including a compressor for withdrawing expanded refrigerant from the expansion chamber and delivering it to the condensing chamber, a motor for actuating said compressor disposed inside the condensing chamber, and a tube through which a cooling fluid is circulated in effective cooling proximity to a portion of the motor.

7. In a refrigerating machine in which a refrigerant fluid is vaporized, compressed and condensed, the combination with a condensing chamber, of a compressor and actuating motor therefor disposed inside the condensing chamber, and a tube through which a cooling fluid is circulated coiled around and in effective cooling proximity to portions of the motor and of the compressor.

8. In a refrigerating machine in which a refrigerant fluid is successively vaporized, compressed and condensed in a repeating cycle, the combination with a chamber in which a change of state of the refrigerant fluid iscflected, of a motor disposed within said chamber and comprising a substantially fluid tight housing for the operating parts of said motor.

9. In a refrigerating machine in which refrig- 10. In a refrigerating machine in which a refrigerant fluid is vaporized, compressed and condensed, the combination with a chamber in which a change of state of the refrigerant fluid is effected, of a motor within the said chamber having a substantially totally closed casing, and means constituting a fluid withdrawal path extending between the interior of the said casing and the said chamber.

11. In a refrigerating machine in which a refrigerant fluid is vaporized, compressed and condensed, the combination with a chamber in which a change of state of the refrigerant fluid is effected, of a motor within the said chamber havin a substantially totally closed casing, and means operated by the motor for evacuating the casing of the motor.

12. In a refrigerating machine in which a refrigerant fluid is vaporized, compressed and condensed, the combination with a chamber in which a change of state of the refrigerant fluid is effected, of a motor within the said chamber having a substantially totally closed casing, a periodically operated means for evacuating the casing of the motor, and means for preventing the ingress of fluid to the casing of the motor when the evacuating means is not in operation.

13. In a refrigerating machine in which a refrigerant fluid is vaporized, compressed and condensed, the combination with a chamber in which a change of state of the refrigerant fluid is effected, of a motor within the said chamber having a substantially totally closed casing, and a compressor actuated by the motor and connected to the motor casing for evacuating said casing.

14. In a refrigerating machine in which a refrigerant fluid is vaporized, compressed and condensed, in combination, a condensing chamber, an expansion chamber, a motor and a compressor, a fluid-tight casing enclosing the motor and compressor, partition means dividing the easing into a compartment for the motor and a compartment for the compressor, and means connecting the compressor with the motor compartment and with the expansion chamber, for evacuating both the motor compartment and the expansion cham- 15. in a refrigerating machine in which a refrigerant fluid is vaporized, compressed and condensed, the combination with a chamber in which a change of state of the refrigerant fluid is effected, of a compressor and actuating motor therefor enclosed within said chamber, said motor comprising a substantially clowd housing for the operating parts of the motor, drive shaft means for said compressor and motor. and a deflector to protect the interior parts of the motor from contact with liquids entering into the said housing about said shaft means.

16. In a refrigerating machine in which a refrigerant fluid is vaporized, compressed and condensed, the combination with a compressor and a chamber in which a change of state of the refrigerant fluid is effected, the chamber comprising a base member, of an electric motor for actuating said compressor disposed within said chamber and comprising a substantially fluid-tight casing mounted upon said base member, and conducting leads extending from the exterior of said chamber through said base member into the interior of the motor casing.

1'1. In a refrigerating machine inwlilch a refrigerant fluid is vaporized, compressed and condensed, the combination with a compressor and achamberinwhichachangeofstateoftherefrigerant fluid is effected, the chamber comprising a base member, of an electric motor for actuating said compressor disposed within said chamber and comprising a substantially fluid-tight casing mounted upon said base member, and means extending longitudinally and laterally through the base member for conducting energy to the motor.

18. In a refrigerating machine in which a refrigerating fluid is vaporized, compressed and condensed, the combination with a condensing chamber and comprising a base member, of a compressor and actuating motor therefor disposed inside the condensing chamber, a tube for circulating cooling fluid in said chamber, and means constituting a fluid-conducting passage from the exterior of the chamber laterally through the base member to said tube.

19. In a refrigerating machine in which a re frigerant fluid is vaporized, compressed and condensed, a condensing chamber, an expansion chamber, a compressor comprising a casing memher, and a motor for actuating the compressor and comprising a casing, the casing of the motor constituting a closure for the casing of the compressor.

20. In a refrigerating machine in which a refrigerant fluid is vaporized, compressed and condensed, the combination with a chamber in which a change of state of the refrigerant fluid is eflected, of end-to-end connectedrotary motor and rotary compressor within said chamber, the compressor being mounted upon said motor, and the said chamber including a wall upon which the motor is supported.

21. In a refrigerating machine, in combination, a condensing chamber having a plurality of nonmiscible liquids therein lying in substantially segregated layers, an expansion chamber, means constituting a communicating passage between one of said liquid layers and the expansion chamber, and means within the condensing chamber constituting a liquid withdrawal path connected to said passage for separating out substantially all trace of other liquid, in order that said flrst liquid only may pass into the expansion chamber.

22. In a refrigerating machine, in combination, a condensing chamber having a refrigerant liquid and a liquid lubricant of a different speciflc gravity thereto, an expansion chamber, means constituting a communicating passage between the condensing and the expansion chambers and disposed to withdraw the refrigerant liquid from the condensing chamber into the expansion chamber, and means within the condensingyhamber constituting a fluid withdrawal path connected to said passage means for separting out substantially all trace of said lubricant, in order that said refrigerant only may pass into the expansion chamber.

23. In a refrigerating machine in which a refrigerant fluid is vaporized, compressed and condensed, the combination with a condensing chamber having a body of liquid lubricant therein, of a compressor disposed within the chamber above the lubricant level, and means for conducting portions of lubricant to the compressor.

24. In a refrigerating machine of the compression expansion type, the combination with a condensing chamber having a body of lubricant therein, of a motorwithin the chamber having a substantially closed casing, a compressor actuated by the motor and connected to the motor casing for evacuating said casing, means dependent upon the pressures within said chamber and said casing for conducting lubricant to the compressor and motorbearings, and means permitting the excess lubricant to be withdrawn to the compressor through said motor casing evacuation means.

25. In a refrigerating machine of the compression-expansion type, the combination with a condensing chamber having a body of lubricant therein, of a motor within the chamber having a substantially closed casing, a vertically disposed shaft adapted for rotation in upper and lower bearings of the motor, a compressor actuated by the motor and connected to the motor casing for evacuating said casing, means dependent upon the pressures within said chamber and said casing for conducting lubricant to the motor bearings, and means permitting the excess lubricant to be withdrawn to the compressor through said motor casing evacuation means.

26. In a refrigerating machine in which a refrigerant fluid is vaporized, compressed and condensed, the combination comprising a condensing chamber, a compressor and motor disposed within said chamber and means for deflecting liquids from-the operating parts of said motor. v

27. A refrigerating machine in which a refrigerant fluid is vaporized, compressed and condensed, including a condensing chamber comprising a casing member, a compressor comprising a casing member, and a motor for actuating the compressor and comprising a casing, the casing of the motor constituting a closure for the casing of the compressor and the casing of the condensing chamber constituting a closure for the casing of the motor.

28. In a refrigerating machine in which a refrigerant fluid is vaporized, compressed and condensed, the combination with an evaporator, and a condenser, of a motor and a compressor, a fluid-tight casing enclosing the motor and compressor, a partition wall forming with the casing a compartment for the compressor and a compartment for the motor, and means for evacuating the motor compartment.

29. In a refrigerating chamber in which a refrigerant fluid is vaporized, compressed and condensed, the combination with a chamber in which a change of state of the refrigerant fluid is eflccted, of a motor adjacent said chamber and having a casing, means for evacuating the casing of the motor and means for preventing the ingress of fluid to the casing of the motor when the evacuating means is not in operation.

30. In a refrigerating apparatus in which a refrigerant is successively vaporized, compressed and condensed in a repeating cycle, the combination with a chamber in which a change of state of the refrigerant fluid is efiected of a compressor and an actuating motor therefor enclosed within said chamber in position to be at least partially surrounded by condensed refrigerant when in operation, whereby to permit heat exchange be tween said motor and the condensed refrigerant.

31. In a refrigerating apparatus, in combination a condenser, an evaporator, a compressor, motor for driving the compressor, a fluid-tight casing entirely enclosing both the motor and compressor, a partition providing with the casing a compartment for the motor and a compartment for the compressor, means in the partition extending substantially transversely of the axis of the partition for permitting the passage of gaseous refrigerant from the evaporator to the compressor, and means connecting the motor compartment with the transverse means whereby to permit evacuation of the motor compartment through said transverse means.

33. In a refrigerating apparatus,in combination a condenser, an evaporator, a compressor, motor for driving the compressor, a fluid-tight casing entirely enclosing both the motor and compressor, a partition providing with the casing 11. compartment for the motor and a compartment for the compressor, a conduit extending substantially transversely of the axis of the partition for permitting the passage of gaseous refrigerant from the evaporator to the compressor, and a conduit connecting the motor compartment with the transverse conduit.

34. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination of an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor, a motor for driving the compressor, a fluid-tight casing entirely enclosing both the motor and the compressor, and partition means provided in the casing and forming with the casing a compartment for housing the motor and a second compartment for both housing the compressor and for storing lubricant and compressed refrigerant.

35. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination of an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor, a motor for driving the compressor, a fluid-tight casing entirely enclosing both the motor and the compressor, and partition means provided in the casing and forming with the casing a compart ment for housing-the motor and a compartment for housing the compressor, means connecting the intakeport of the compressor with the motor compartment and means connecting the outlet port of the compressor to the compressor compartment.

36. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination of an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor, a motor for driving the compressor, a fluid-tight casing entirely enclosing both the motor and the compressor, and partition means provided in the casing and forming with the casing a high pressure compartment and a low pressure compartment, the compressor located in the high pressure compartment, the motor located in the low pressure compartment, and means permitting evacuation of the low pressure compartment through the compressor to the high pressure compartment-when the compressor is operated.

37. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination of an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor, a motor for driving the compressor, a fluid-tight casing entirely enclosing both the motor and the compressor, and partition means provided in the casing and forming with the casing a compartment for housing the motor and a compartment for housing the compresso and means permitting communication between t e high and low pressure compartments only while the compressor is operating.

38. A refrigerating apparatus. comprising a closed casing, a partition wall dividing the easing into a suction chamber and a pressure chamber, a compressor in said casing and a driving motor therefor disposed in the suction chamber.

.39. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination of condensing means, evaporating means, a compressor, a motor for driving the compressor, a hermetically sealed casing enclosing the motor and the compressor, partition means dividing the casing into a motor compartment and a compressor compartment, communicating means provided between the outlet of the compressor and the compressor compartment, and communicating means provided between the inlet of the compressor and the motor compartment, whereby thesuction and discharge pressures of the compressor prevail in the motor compartment and the compressor compartment, respectively.

40. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination of an evaporator, a condenser, a compressor, a. motor for driving the compressor, a fluid-tight casing enclosing both the motor and the compressor, a wall member provided in the casing and dividing the same into a motor compartment and a compressor compartment, and passageway means for providing communication between the evaporator and the compressor, a portion of said passageway means being located in the wall member.

41. In refrigeration apparatus, the combination of a compressor, a motor for driving the compressor, a frame structure for at least partially supporting the motor and compressor, said frame structure forming a housing for the motor, and a hermetically-sealed casing formed separately from the frame structure for enclosing the motor and compressor, said motor housing engaging with the hermetically-sealed casing.

42. In refrigeration apparatus, the combination of a compressor, a motor for driving the compressor, a unitary frame structure for at least partially supporting the motor and the compressor, said frame structure forming a housing for the motor, a hermetically sealed casing formed separately from the frame structure for enclosing the motor, the compressor and the frame structure, said casing comprising a plurality of detachable parts and said motor housing engaging at least one of the parts, and means for sealing the casing.

43. In refrigerationapparatus, the combination of a compressor, a motor for driving the compressor, a. single frame structure for at least partially supporting the motor and the compressor assembly, said frame structure embodying a housing for'the motor; a hermetically sealed casing formed separately from the compressor and the motor housing for totally enclosing the motor and the compressor, said casing engaging the motor housing and embodying attachable portions telescopically assembled about the motor-compressor assembly.

44.111 refrigerating apparatus, the combination of a compressor, said compressor embodying stationary and movable elements, a motor for driving the compressor, said motor embodying a stator and a rotor, a frame member for at least partially supporting the motor and compressor in assembled relation, a hermetically-sealed casing for totally enclosing the-motor and the compressor and supporting the frame member, said casing being formed separately from the compressor stationary element and of a plurality of attachable parts at least one of which is removable to provide access to the rotor and stator of the motor while disposed in their normal assembled relation.

45. In refrigerating apparatus, the combination of a compressor, said compressor embodying stationary and movable elements, a motor for driving the compressor, said motor embodying a stator and a rotor, a frame member for at least partially supporting the motor and compressor in assembled relation, a hermetically sealed casing for totally enclosing the motor and the compressor, said casing being formed separately from the compressor stationary element and of a plurality of attachable parts, at least one of which supports the frame and all of which are detachable to provide access to the rotor and stator of the motor and the compressor while disposed in their normal assembled relation.

46. In refrigerating apparatus, a compressor, a motor mechanically connected to the compressor and including stator and rotor elements.

a hermetically sealed refrigerant containing casing for totally enclosing the motor and compressor, a frame member for supporting the compressor and embodying bearing means for the rotor element, said frame member being wholly enclosed within the casing and having means extending parallel to the motor axis and arranged in overlapping relation with respect to the stator element to hold the latter in proper relation with respect to the rotor element, said last means being disposed in metallic engagement with the casing to conduct heat away from the motor.

47. In refrigerating apparatus, a compressor, a motor mechanically connected to the compressor and including stator and rotor elements, a casing for hermetically sealing the motor and the compressor and for containing refrigerant fluid, and a frame for supporting the compressor and having bearing means for the rotor, said frame being removable from the casing and having a sleeve portion encompassing the stator to hold the latter in proper relation with respect to ,the rotor and the sleeve portion and said casing being constructed and arranged to provide for support of the frame from the casing through the intermediary of the sleeve portion.

48. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination of an evaporator, a compressor, a motor for driving the compressor, a hermetically-sealed casing entirely enclosing both the motor and compressor and partition means provided interiorly of the casing and forming with the casing a compartment for housing the motor and a second and single compartment for both housing and compressor and for storing lubricant, said motor and compressor being on opposite sides of the partition means with the compressor supported entirely by said means, and a drive shaft connecting said motor directly with the compressor and passing through said means whereby the compressor is driven at substantially motor speed.

49..In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination of a receptacle, a compressor disposed therein, a motor chamber, a motor disposed therein.

a shaft structure for transmitting torque from the motor tothe compressor, bearing means for said shaft structure provided in the compressor,

50. In a lubricating system for a refrigerating apparatus, the combination with a rotary com pression mechanism, a receptacle containing lubricant and subject to the discharge pressure of the compression mechanism, a motor for driving the compression mechanism, a housing for the motor, and conduit means for taklng lubricant under pressure from the receptacle and conveying it first to the working parts of the compressor, thence into the motor'housing and from the motor housing to the refrigerant inlet portion of the compression mechanism, whereby a flow of lubricant is induced from the receptacle for conveying lubricant from the receptacle to the bearings in series, and means for utilizing the suction of the compressor to remove the lubricant from the bearing last in the series.

52. In a refrigerating apparatus, the combination of a compressor, amotor chamber, a motor disposed therein, a shaft structure associated with the motor, a bearing provided in the motor chamber for supporting the shaft, means for supplying a lubricant to the bearing, communicat ing means between the inlet of the compressor and the motor chamber for removing lubricant discharged from the bearing and for maintaining a vacuum within the motor chamber, and means interposed between the motor and the inlet of the communicating means for preventing lubricant, which may flow back upon a stoppage of the compressor, from impinging upon the motor. 4

'53. In a refrigerating apparatus,the combination of a lubricant receptacle, a compressor, a motor, a shaft structure for transmitting torque from the motor to the compressor, bearings. for

the shaft structure provided in the motor, an additional bearing for the structure provided in the compressor, means for taking lubricant from the receptacle and conveying it first to the compressor bearing and then to the motor bearings, and means for utilizing the suction produced by the compressor for returning the lubricant discharged by the bearings to the receptacle.

54. In a lubricating system for the compression mechanism of a refrigerating apparatus, the combination of a casing, partition means dividing the casing into a motor compartment and a compressor compartment, a drive shaft for the motor j mechanism of a refrigerating apparatus, the combination of a casing, partition means dividing the casing into a motor compartment and a compressor compartment, a drive shaft for the-motor extending through the partition means and operatively connecting the motor to the compressor, a bearing for the drive shaft provided in the partition means, a second bearing for the motor drive shaft provided in the motor compartment, means for retaining a body of'lubricant subject to the discharge pressure of the compressor in the compressor compartment, means for conveying lubricant from the compressor. compartment to the first and second bearings of the motor and means for conveying lubricant drainage accumulating in the motor compartment to the inlet passageway of the compression mechanism.

56. In a lubricating system for the compression mechanism of a r'ef igerating apparatus, the combination of a cas partition means dividing the casing into a motor compartment and a compressor compartment, a drive shaft forthe motor extending through the partition means and operatively connecting the motor to the compressor, a bearing for the drive shaft provided in the partition means, a second bearing for the motor drive shaft provided in the motor compartment, means for retaining a body of lubricant under pressure in the compressor compartment, means embodied in the motor shaft for conveying lubricant from the compressor compartment to the s econd bearing, and means utilizing the pumping action of the compressor for returning to the compressor compartment lubricant drainage accumulating in the motor compartment.

57. In a lubricating system for the compression mechanism. of a refrigerating apparatus, the combination of a compressor, a motor for driving the compressor, a fluid-tight casing enclosing both the motor and the compressor, partition means dividing the casing into a motor compartment and a compressor compartment, communicating means provided between the outlet of the compressor and the compressor compartment and communicating means provided between the inlet of the compressor and the motor'compartment, whereby the suction and discharge premures of the compressor are communicated to the motor compartment and the compressor compartment respectively, and means subject to the difference in pressures prevailing between the compressor compartment and the motor compartment for effecting lubrication of the compression mechanism.

58. In a lubricating system, a motor, a rotary compressor, a lubricant containing receptacle subject to the discharge pressure of the compressor, means for taking lubricant from the receptacle and conveying it first through the compressor and then to the working parts of the motor before returning it to the receptacle, and means for returning lubricant from the working parts of the motor to said receptacle.

of a motor, a rotary compressor, a lubricant containing receptacle subject to the discharge pressure of the compressor, means for taking lubricant from the receptacle and conveying it first to the compressor to seal and lubricate the same and then to the working parts of the motor before returning it to the receptacle, and means for then returning lubricant from the working parts of the motor to the receptacle.

61, In mechanical refrigerating apparatus, the combination of a compressor, a motor for driving the compressor, a fluid-tight casing enclosing both the motor and the compressor, means dividing the casing into a compartment for housing the motor and a single compartment for both housing the compressor and for containing lubricant, means for subjecting the compressor compartment to the discharge pressure of the compressor and the motor compartment to the suction pressure oi the compressor to provide for forced circulation of lubricant to the motor compartment.

62. A lubricating system for the compression mechanism of arefrigerating apparatus, the combination of a compressor, a motor having a drive shaft operatively connected to the compressor, said drive shaft being provided with an interior passageway adapted to convey lubricant, a receptacle containing lubricant under pressure, means including the interior passageway for conveying lubricant to the working parts of the motor, and

means for utilizing the pumping action of the compressor for returning to the receptacle lubricant discharged from the working parts of the motor.

63. In a refrigerating apparatus, wherein a refrigerant is successively compressed, condensed and evaporated, a compressor, a motor for driving the compressor, a member for supporting the motor and compressor and maintaining them in operative relation, and a casing for housing the motor, compressor and supporting member, parts of said motor being in intimate thermal contact with said supporting member and parts of said supporting member being in intimate thermal contact with said casing.

64. In a lubricating system for the compression mechanism of a refrigerating apparatus, the combination of a casing, partition means dividing the easing into a motor compartment and a compressor compartment, a drive shaft extending through the partition means and operatively connecting the motor and compressor, a bearing for the drive shaft, a reservoir of lubricant contained in the compressor compartment, means for conveying lubricant from the reservoir to said bearing, and means for subjecting the motor compartment to the suction pressure of the compressor for returning to the compressor compart ment lubricant drainage accumulated in the motor compartment.

ANDREW A. KUCHER.

CERTIFICATE OF CORRECTION.

Reissue No. 19,908.

ANDREW A. KUCHER.

1B is hereby certified that error appears in the printed specification of the above numbered patent requiring correction as follows: Page 6. second column. line 56, claim 22, for "separting" read separating; page 8, second column, line 51, claim 48, for "and" first occurrence, read the; and that the said Letters Patent should be read with these corrections therein that the same may conform to the record of the case in the Patent Office.

Signed and sealed this 5th day of May, A. D. 1936.

Leslie Frazer k Acting Commissioner of Patents.

March 31, 1936.

DISCLAIMER Re. 19,908.Andrew A. Kuclwr, Dayton, Ohio. Rmnuomanmo MACHINE. Patent dated March 31 1936. Disclaimer filed February 12, 1944, by the assignee, Westinghouse 1: Manufacturing Company.

Hereby enters this disclaimer to claims 41 to 45 inclusive, and claim 47 of said patent.

[Oflicial Gazette March 14, 1944.1 

